NFPA 471-2002 Recommended Practice for Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents

NFPA 471-2002 Recommended Practice for Responding to Hazardous Materials Incidents.
3.3.4 Containment. The actions taken to keep a material in its container (e.g., stop a release ofthe material or reduce the amount being released). 3.3.5 Contaminant. A hazardous material that physically re- mains on or in people, animals, the environment, or equip- ment, thereby creating a continuing risk of direct injury or a risk ofexposure. [472:3.3] 3.3.6 Contamination. The process of transferring a hazard- ous material from its source to people, animals, the environ- ment, or equipment, which may act as a carrier. 3.3.6.1 Secondary Contamination. The process by which a contaminant is carried out ofthe hot zone and contaminates people, animals, the environment, or equipment. [472:3.3] 3.3.7 Control. The procedures, techniques, and methods used in the mitigation of a hazardous materials incident, in- cluding containment, extinguishment, and confinement. [472:3.3] 3.3.8* Control Zones. The areas at a hazardous materials inci- dent that are designated based upon safety and the degree of hazard. 3.3.9 Decontamination (Contamination Reduction). The physi- cal and/or chemical process of reducing and preventing the spread ofcontamination from persons and equipment used at a hazardous materials incident. 3.3.9.1 EmergencyDecontamination. The physical process of immediately reducing contamination ofindividuals in poten- tially life-threatening situations with or without the formal es- tablishment ofa decontamination corridor. [472:3.3] 3.3.9.2* Gross Decontamination. The initial phase of the de- contamination process during which the amount of surface contaminant is significantly reduced. 3.3.10 Decontamination Corridor. The area usually located within the warm zone where decontamination procedures take place. [472:3.3]
3.3.22* Incident Management System. An organized system of roles, responsibilities, and standard operating procedures used to manage and direct emergency operations. [1021:1.4] 3.3.23 Mitigation. Actions taken to prevent or reduce prod- uct loss, human injury or death, environmental damage, and property damage due to the release or potential release of hazardous materials. 3.3.24 Monitoring Equipment. Instruments and devices used to identify and quantify contaminants. 3.3.25* National Contingency Plan. Policies and procedures of the federal agency members of the National Oil and Haz- ardous Materials Response Team. 3.3.26 Neutralization. The process ofapplying acids or bases to a corrosive product to form a neutral salt. 3.3.27 Penetration. The movement of a material through a suit’s closures, such as zippers, buttonholes, seams, flaps, or other design features of chemical-protective clothing, and through punctures, cuts, and tears. 3.3.28 Permeation. Achemical action involving the movement ofchemicals, on a molecular level, through intact material. 3.3.29* Protective Clothing. Equipment designed to protect the wearer from heat and/or hazardous materials contacting the skin or eyes. [472:3.3]
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