AS ISO ASTM 52911.1:2021 Additive manufacturing一Design Part 1: Laser-based powder bed fusion of metals.
This document specifies the features of laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) and provides detailed design recommendations.
Some of the fundamental principles are also applicable to other additive manufacturing (AM) processes, provided that due consideration is given to process-specific features.
This document also provides a state of the art review of design guidelines associated with the use of powder bed fusion (PBF) by bringing together relevant knowledge about this process and by extending the scope of ISO/ASTM 52910.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/ASTM 52900, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Fundamentals and vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/ASTM 52900 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
curl effect
thermal and residual stress effect
dimensional distortion as the printed part cools and solidifies after being built or by poorly evacuated heat input
3.2
downskin area
D
(sub-)area where the normal vector ñ projection on the z-axis is negative
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.3
downskin angle
angle between the plane of the build platform and the downskin area (3.2) where the value lies between 0° (parallel to the build platform) and 90° (perpendicular to the build platform)
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
5 Characteristics of powder bed fusion (PB F) processes
5.1 General
Consideration shall be given to the specific characteristics of the manufacturing process used in order to optimize the design of a part. Examples of the features of AM processes which need to be taken into consideration during the design and process planning stages are listed in 5.2 to 5.8. With regards to metal processing, a distinction can be made between, for example, laser-based PBF (applied for metals and polymers) and electron beam-based PBF (applied for metals only).
Polymers PBF uses, in almost every case, low-power lasers to sinter polymer powders together. As with polymer powders PBF, metals PBF includes varying processing techniques. Unlike polymers, metals PBF often requires the addition of support structures (see 6.4.3). Metals PBF processes may use lowpower lasers to bind powder particles by only melting the surface of the powder particles or high-power (approximately 200 W to 1 kW) beams to fully melt and fuse the powder particles together.AS ISO ASTM 52911.1 pdf download.